But during the return stroke of the tool, the tool has to be lifted upwards bringing it back without having contact with the workpiece, and again at the beginning of Forwarding stroke/cutting stroke, the tool should take a position for removing the material from the workpiece. In the total movement of Ram, the maximum velocity occurs at the middle of the Return stroke, the next maximum possible velocity occurs at the end of the Return stroke and the lowest velocity occurs at the beginning of the forward stroke.ĭuring the metal removal process in shaping operation, physician the tool should be in position for removing the material from the workpiece during the cutting stroke. To get the variable velocity of Ram even though the crank is rotating at uniform velocity, a mechanism is used between the Ram and the crank called Whitworth’s quick return mechanism which is one of the inversions of single slider-crank mechanism. Whitworth Quick return Mechanism used in shaper machine To get the different velocities of Ram, it is not possible to have different velocities of the crank in two different half revolutions of the crank. As per the requirement of a shaper machine, the velocity of forward and return strokes must be different.

In shaping machine, the half revolution of crank produces forward stroke and another half revolution of the crank produces return stroke. Crank Type or Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism: Crank Type (Mechanism involved is Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism).Based on the type of Driving Mechanismīased on above type, we have 3 mechanisms which are presented below. Let's discuss in detail the types of shaper machine based on various parameters. The explanation for this concept was presented under types of Shaper machines. The mechanism used in Shaper Machine is Whitworth Quick Return Mechanism. In the forward stroke/cutting stroke, the tool has to travel at optimum cutting velocity for removing the material from the workpiece whereas in return stroke because it is idle stroke, the tool has to travel at maximum possible velocity to minimize the production time. Shaper Machine diagram by Three-quarter-ten:Shaper with boring bar setup to allow cutting of internal features, such as keyways, or even shapes that might otherwise be cut with wire EDM. In shaping machine, the forward stroke of the tool will be considered as the cutting Stroke in which material removal is taking place from the workpiece and return stroke will be taking as an Idle stroke so that tool is simply moving in backward direction to take the position of the tool. Shaping is the operation of removing a layer of material from the flat surface of the workpiece using a reciprocating single-point cutting tool. The working principle of shaper machine is as follows: The Apron consists of a clapper box and it houses the clapper block through a hinge pin.A tool head consists of apron and clapper box.A tool head holds the cutting tool and make its movement in vertical and Angular directions.Saddle is mounted on the cross rail and its cross wise movement can be controlled by the crossfeed screw. Clapperbox:Ĭlapperbox holds the tool firmly during its cutting stroke and idle stroke. Inside the column, a driving mechanism was present which is used for the running of a machine.Guideways are provided on the top of the column surface for smooth movement of Ram for foraward and return strokes.

It is a box like structure which is mounted on the base.

This is generally used to hold the machine vice where the workpiece will be held properly for various types of machining operations.

The tool head is in the clapper box and the forward stroke is the cutting stroke and the backward stroke is the idle stroke.

Ram carries the Single point cutting tool head and reciprocates on the column guideways.So Cast Iron is a suitable material to absorb all the vibrations induced during various types of operations. This is the strongest part of any type of machine that has the ability to absorb the vibrations produced during machining. The explanation for each part of shaper is as follows. The parts of Shaper Machine with their functions are as follows. Parts of Shaper Machine with their functions: The workpiece is fixed in the machine vice whereas the tool reciprocates on the workpiece by means of ram. Shaper Machine is used to remove the material from the surface of the workpiece by the usage of reciprocating single-point cutting tools basically on horizontal, vertical, and Inclined surfaces. Hello Readers, In today's article we will discuss the Shaper Machine in brief along with its Definition, Parts, Types, Working Principle, Operations, Specifications, Applications, Advantages, and Disadvantages.

Automatic shaper machine operation pdf